Team:SJTU-BioX-Shanghai/Project

From 2011.igem.org

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__NOTOC__
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==Project: Condon Switch Controlling Protein Biosynthesis==
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===Abstract===
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[[File:11SJTU_Project_02.jpg|thumb|200px|Protein Biosynthesis Controlling Elements]]
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SJTU-BioX-Shanghai iGEM team is designing a modulating device that achieves fine tuning of target protein biosynthesis (translation).
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The translation of the protein can be finely turned up/down with the control of the number of rare codons and the different strength of tRNA induction.
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Besides, our device can be made into a real switch that can be turned on/off without background protein expression in two ways. One is to use any codon but initial codons to initiate translation, the other is to use stop codon as the controlling element.
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Moreover, our design would be a brand-new way to selectively express part of a gene or introduce point mutations into target residues in proteins, thus favoring the study of the important domains or residues of a target protein.
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===Background===
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Gene expression regulation focuses mainly on two levels, one on transcription level and the other on translation level. The former is currently the mainstream. However, for transcription regulating tools such as lac operator and ara operator, protein biosynthesis cannot be finely tuned. Besides, background noise is nearly inevitable because of promoter leek.
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[[image:11SJTU_Project_01.jpg|frame|Gene Expression Regulation Levels]]
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Translational regulation exists widely in natural biological systems in various forms, including miRNA or siRNA directed gene silencing, mRNA degradation as well as riboswitch. Compared with transcriptional regulation, translational regulation is more direct and precise. Background noise can be eliminated under certain circumstances.
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tRNA, a key element in translation, can act as a regulating tool. The abundance of tRNA is different in organisms. In natural biological systems, rare codons and the abundance of rare tRNA can regulate protein biosynthesis level. Based on this, we want to mimic and expand this phenomenon into a device that can regulate protein biosynthesis level with rare codons and rare tRNAs.
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===Introduction===
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Our project is divided into three sub-projects:[[Team:SJTU-BioX-Shanghai/Project/Subproject1|Rare-Codon Switch]],
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[[Team:SJTU-BioX-Shanghai/Project/Subproject2|Stop-Codon Switch]] and [[Team:SJTU-BioX-Shanghai/Project/Subproject3|Initial-Codon Switch]].
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----
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*[[Team:SJTU-BioX-Shanghai/Project/Subproject1|'''Rare-Codon Switch''']]
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Usage: a device that turns up/down protein translation
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controlling elements: rare codon, rare codon recognizer tRNAs and engineered corresponding aminoacyl tRNA synthetases (aaRS)
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[[image:11SJTU-rare-codon_silt.jpg|500px]]
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-------
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*[[Team:SJTU-BioX-Shanghai/Project/Subproject2|'''Stop-Codon Switch''']]
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[[image:11SJTU-on-off.jpg|350px|right]]
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Usage: a device that turns on/off protein translation
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controlling elements: stop codon, stop codon recognizer tRNAs and engineered corresponding aaRS
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==Project Description==
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*[[Team:SJTU-BioX-Shanghai/Project/Subproject3|'''Initial-Codon Switch''']]
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*'''A Synthetic-Biological System Controlling Translation Process'''
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2011 SJTU-BioX iGEM team is designing a system in which we will be able to control the expression of the target gene on the level of translation. Our system has provided a brand-new approach that can be universally applied to any protein expression system. In our system we can strictly switch on/off the translation of the target gene; we can selectively translate a part of the whole open reading frame; we can also shift certain amino acid residues to any of the 20 possible alternatives without altering the sequence of the gene. Our significant design offers a multi-purpose and universal way to regulate gene expression on translation level, to selectively express part of a gene, to introduce mutation to the target position of a protein and to study the important residues or domains of the target protein.
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Usage: a device that turns on/off protein translation
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controlling elements: modified tRNA<sup>Met</sup>and engineered methyl aminoacyl tRNA synthetase (MetRS)
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Revision as of 16:17, 3 October 2011

    •



    Project: Condon Switch Controlling Protein Biosynthesis

    Abstract

    Protein Biosynthesis Controlling Elements

    SJTU-BioX-Shanghai iGEM team is designing a modulating device that achieves fine tuning of target protein biosynthesis (translation).

    The translation of the protein can be finely turned up/down with the control of the number of rare codons and the different strength of tRNA induction.

    Besides, our device can be made into a real switch that can be turned on/off without background protein expression in two ways. One is to use any codon but initial codons to initiate translation, the other is to use stop codon as the controlling element.

    Moreover, our design would be a brand-new way to selectively express part of a gene or introduce point mutations into target residues in proteins, thus favoring the study of the important domains or residues of a target protein.


    Background

    Gene expression regulation focuses mainly on two levels, one on transcription level and the other on translation level. The former is currently the mainstream. However, for transcription regulating tools such as lac operator and ara operator, protein biosynthesis cannot be finely tuned. Besides, background noise is nearly inevitable because of promoter leek.

    Gene Expression Regulation Levels

    Translational regulation exists widely in natural biological systems in various forms, including miRNA or siRNA directed gene silencing, mRNA degradation as well as riboswitch. Compared with transcriptional regulation, translational regulation is more direct and precise. Background noise can be eliminated under certain circumstances.

    tRNA, a key element in translation, can act as a regulating tool. The abundance of tRNA is different in organisms. In natural biological systems, rare codons and the abundance of rare tRNA can regulate protein biosynthesis level. Based on this, we want to mimic and expand this phenomenon into a device that can regulate protein biosynthesis level with rare codons and rare tRNAs.


    Introduction

    Our project is divided into three sub-projects:Rare-Codon Switch, Stop-Codon Switch and Initial-Codon Switch.

    Usage: a device that turns up/down protein translation

    controlling elements: rare codon, rare codon recognizer tRNAs and engineered corresponding aminoacyl tRNA synthetases (aaRS)

    11SJTU-rare-codon silt.jpg

    11SJTU-on-off.jpg

    Usage: a device that turns on/off protein translation

    controlling elements: stop codon, stop codon recognizer tRNAs and engineered corresponding aaRS

    Usage: a device that turns on/off protein translation

    controlling elements: modified tRNAMetand engineered methyl aminoacyl tRNA synthetase (MetRS)

    Retrieved from "http://2011.igem.org/Team:SJTU-BioX-Shanghai/Project"