Team:UNIPV-Pavia/Instruments

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           <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#AUTOCLAVE"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">AUTOCLAVE</span></a></li>
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           <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#TECAN_Infinite_2000"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">TECAN Infinite 2000</span></a></li>
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           <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#INCUBATOR_FOR_PLATES"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">INCUBATOR FOR PLATES</span></a></li>
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           <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Nanodrop_ND_1000_spectrophotometer"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Nanodrop ND 1000 spectrophotometer</span></a></li>
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           <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#INCUBATOR_AND_SHAKER_FOR_LIQUID_CULTURES"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">INCUBATOR AND SHAKER FOR LIQUID CULTURES</span></a></li>
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           <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#PCR_thermocyclers"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">PCR thermocyclers</span></a></li>
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           <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#HOOD"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">HOOD</span></a></li>
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           <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Instruments_For_Electrophoresis"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Instruments for electrophoresis</span></a></li>
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           <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Gel_Image_Acquisition_System"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Gel image acquisition system</span></a></li>
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           <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#INSTRUMENTS_FOR_ELECTROPHORESIS"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">INSTRUMENTS FOR ELECTROPHORESIS</span></a></li>
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           <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Incubator_For_Plates"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Incubator for plates</span></a></li>
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           <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Incubator_And_Shaker_For_Liquid_Cultures"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Incubator and shaker for liquid cultures</span></a></li>
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           <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Hood"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Laminar flow cabinet</span></a></li>
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           <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#NANODROP_ND_1000_spectrophotometer"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">NANODROP ND 1000 spectrophotometer</span></a></li>
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           <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Autoclave"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">Autoclave</span></a></li>
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          <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#BACTERIA_ROOM_AND_MOLECULAR_BIOLOGY_ROOM"><span class="tocnumber">11</span> <span class="toctext">BACTERIA ROOM AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY ROOM</span></a></li>
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         <p align="justify"> An autoclave is a device to sterilize equipment and supplies by subjecting them to high pressure saturated steam at 121°C or more, typically for 15 to 20 minutes depending on the size of the load and the contents. It was invented by Charles Chamberland in 1879, although a precursor known as the <i>steam digester</i> was created by Denis Papin in 1679. The name comes from Greek <i>auto</i>, ultimately meaning <i>self</i>, and Latin <i>clavis</i> meaning <i>key</i> — a self-locking device. </p>
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         <p align="justify"> Tecan Infinite F200 is a multifunctional microplate filter-based reader with injector option, that provides high performance for the vast majority of microplate applications and research. It has been designed as a general purpose laboratory instrument for professional use, supporting common 6 to 384-well microplates.
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          This instrument allows long incubation of the microplate, the chance to set the shaking movements, the duration of all operations, including cycles, and the dispensation of liquid material in the wells. These actions are managed by a user interface operated by i-Control software, ranging from scheduling experiments to the cleaning of injectors.
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          We used this instrument for the following measurement techniques: </p>
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  <li> fluorescence intensity; </li>
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          <li> absorbance. </li>
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               <td><div class="floatright"><span><img alt="Autoclave" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2010/thumb/7/7d/UNIPV_Pavia_autoclave.jpg/250px-UNIPV_Pavia_autoclave.jpg" border="0" height="188" width="250"></span></div></td>
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               <td><div class="floatright"><span><img alt="TECAN Infinite 2000" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2010/5/5f/UNIPV_Pavia_tecan.jpg" border="0" height="198" width="250"></span></div></td>
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              <td><div style='text-align:center; font-size: 12px; font-style:italic;'><span>TECAN infinite 2000</span></div></td>
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<a name="Nanodrop_ND_1000_spectrophotometer"></a>
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<h2> <span class="mw-headline">NanoDrop ND 1000 spectrophotometer</span></h2>
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         <p align="justify"> This is a oven in which plates are kept at 37 C to grow bacteria. </p>
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         <p align="justify"> The Thermo Scientific NanoDrop™ 1000 Spectrophotometer (v 3.7) is a full-spectrum (220 - 750nm) spectrophotometer. This instrument is a really helpfull instrument that elimante the needs of cuvettes and is capable to measure highly concentrated samples without dilution. We use NanoDrop to measure:
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  <li>  concentration of DNA in a micro-volume of sample (1 microliter);</li>
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  <li> and OD in cell cultures (2 microliter).</li></p>
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               <td><div class="floatright"><span><img alt="Incubator for plates" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2010/thumb/0/0a/UNIPV_Pavia_incubatorforplates.jpg/250px-UNIPV_Pavia_incubatorforplates.jpg" border="0" height="188" width="250"></span></div></td>
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               <td><div class="floatright"><span><img alt="Nanodrop" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2011/3/36/Nanodrop_ND1000.jpg" border="0" width="250"></span></div></td>
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            <td><div style='text-align:center; font-size: 12px; font-style:italic;'><span>NanoDrop ND 1000</span>    </div></td>
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<h2> <span class="mw-headline">PCR thermocyclers</span></h2>
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         <p align="justify"> This is a oven where bacteria are kept to grow. In this case you can define temperature and rpm. </p>
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         <p align="justify"> The laboratory is equipped with:
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<li>Gene Amp PCR System 9700 (Applied Biosystem) thermal cycler: used to amplify segments of DNA via the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) process; </li>
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<li>MiniOpticon Real-Time PCR Instrument (BIO-RAD): this machine combines the functions of a thermal cycler and a fluorimeter. It is able to amplify and detect DNA.</li></p>
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               <td><div class="floatright"><span><img alt="Incubator and shaker for liquid cultures" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2010/thumb/5/5f/UNIPV_Pavia_incubatorshaker.jpg/250px-UNIPV_Pavia_incubatorshaker.jpg" border="0" height="188" width="250"></span></div></td>
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               <td><div class="floatright"><span><img alt="Real time" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2008/d/dd/Pv_pcr_parallel2.jpg" border="0" height="188" width="250"></span></div></td>
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            <td><div style='text-align:center; font-size: 12px; font-style:italic;'><span>MiniOpticon Real-Time PCR</span>    </div></td>
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         <p align="justify"> It is a laminar flow hood for handling highly toxic products. </p>
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               <td><div class="floatright"><span><img alt="thermocycler" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2008/0/08/Pv_pcr_parallel1.jpg" border="0" height="188" width="250"></span></div></td>
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            <td><div style='text-align:center; font-size: 12px; font-style:italic;'><span>Gene Amp PCR System 9700</span>    </div></td>
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<h2> <span class="mw-headline">Instruments for electrophoresis</span></h2>
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         <p align="justify"> It is a bath in which water is heated to high temperatures for gel extraction and heath shock during bacterial transformation. </p>
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         <p align="justify"> Gel electrophoresis apparatus - Agarose gel is placed in this TBE buffer filled box and electrical field is applied via the power supply to the rear. The negative terminal is the black one while the positive is the red one. In this way DNA, that is naturally negatively charged, migrates to the positive pole. </p>
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               <td><div class="floatright"><span><img alt="Water bath" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2010/thumb/4/40/UNIPV_Pavia_waterbath.jpg/250px-UNIPV_Pavia_waterbath.jpg" border="0" height="188" width="250"></span></div></td>
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               <td><div class="floatright"><span><img alt="Instruments for electrophoresis" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2010/3/31/UNIPV_Pavia_electrophoresis.jpg" border="0" height="188" width="250"></span></div></td>
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              <td><div style='text-align:center; font-size: 12px; font-style:italic;'><span>Large, medium and small electrophoresis apparatuses</span></div></td>
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<a name="Gel_Image_Acquisition_System"></a>
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<h2> <span class="mw-headline">Gel image acquisition system</span></h2>
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         <p align="justify"> Gel electrophoresis apparatus - Agarose gel is placed in this TBE buffer filled box and electrical field is applied via the power supply to the rear. The negative terminal is the black one while the positive is the red one. In this way DNA, that is naturally negatively charged, migrates to the positive pole. </p>
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         <p align="justify"> Transilluminator projects ultraviolet radiation for the observation of agarose gel ethidium bromide-stained.
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Also gel acquisition image position is equipped with a digital camera used to acquire gel run snapshots. </p>
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               <td><div class="floatright"><span><img alt="Instruments for electrophoresis" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2010/thumb/3/31/UNIPV_Pavia_electrophoresis.jpg/250px-UNIPV_Pavia_electrophoresis.jpg" border="0" height="188" width="250"></span></div></td>
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               <td><div class="floatright"><span><img alt="Gel image acquisition system" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2011/b/bb/Gelacquisition.jpg" border="0" height="188" width="250"></span></div></td>
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            <td><div style='text-align:center; font-size: 12px; font-style:italic;'><span>UV system and camera</span>    </div></td>
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<h2> <span class="mw-headline">Incubator for plates</span></h2>
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         <p align="justify"> It is a UV system with camera used to acquire gel run snapshots. </p>
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         <p align="justify"> In order to grow bacteria a culture media is needed, together with plates (petri-dishes), some laboratory supplies and incubators.
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The incubator is an oven able to keep bacteria at the desired temperature; the typical temperature needed to allow a rapid growth of bacteria is 37 °C.
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               <td><div class="floatright"><span><img alt="Gel image acquisition system" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2010/thumb/3/34/UNIPV_Pavia_gelacq.jpg/250px-UNIPV_Pavia_gelacq.jpg" border="0" height="188" width="250"></span></div></td>
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               <td><div class="floatright"><span><img alt="Incubator for plates" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2010/0/0a/UNIPV_Pavia_incubatorforplates.jpg" border="0" height="188" width="250"></span></div></td>
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            <td><div style='text-align:center; font-size: 12px; font-style:italic;'><span>Incubator for plates</span>    </div></td>
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<h2> <span class="mw-headline">Incubator and shaker for liquid cultures</span></h2>
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         <p align="justify"> We have freezers where Dna and bacterial cultures are stocked. In particular we have two -20 C freezers to stock DNA and one -80 C freezer to stock bacteria.<br>
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         <p align="justify"> Shaking incubators, also known as environmental shakers, are often used for cell culturing, cell aeration and solubility studies. In addition to stable temperature conditions, they use an orbital agitation at variable speeds to affect the growth of cell cultures, displaced in a liquid media. All major functions (temperature, RPM and time) have alarms that alert the user to deviations from set parameters. Overtemperature protection is provided via a safety thermostat. Digital keypad operation offers the ability to calibrate the temperature controller to a reference thermometer.</p>
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          We have also a fridge to stock plates and LB medium </p>
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               <td><div class="floatright"><span><img alt="Freezer" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2010/thumb/6/6b/UNIPV_Pavia_freezer.jpg/250px-UNIPV_Pavia_freezer.jpg" border="0" height="188" width="250"></span></div></td>
+
               <td><div class="floatright"><span><img alt="Incubator and shaker for liquid cultures" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2010/5/5f/UNIPV_Pavia_incubatorshaker.jpg" border="0" height="188" width="250"></span></div></td>
             </tr>
             </tr>
-
          </tbody>
+
             <td><div style='text-align:center; font-size: 12px; font-style:italic;'><span>Incubator and shaker for liquid cultures</span>     </div></td>
-
        </table>
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        <table border="0">
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              <td><div class="floatright"><span><img alt="Fridge" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2010/thumb/d/de/UNIPV_Pavia_fridge.jpg/250px-UNIPV_Pavia_fridge.jpg" border="0" height="188" width="250"></span></div></td>
+
             </tr>
             </tr>
           </tbody>
           </tbody>
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<p><br>
<p><br>
</p>
</p>
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<a name="NANODROP_ND_1000_spectrophotometer"></a>
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-
<h2> <span class="mw-headline">NANODROP ND 1000 spectrophotometer</span></h2>
+
 
 +
<a name="Hood"></a>
 +
<h2> <span class="mw-headline">Laminar flow cabinet</span></h2>
<table width="100%">
<table width="100%">
   <tbody>
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     <tr>
       <td align="left" valign="top"><p></p>
       <td align="left" valign="top"><p></p>
-
         <p align="justify"> Nanodrop is a really helpfull instrument used to measure concentration of DNA in a micro-volume of sample and OD in cell cultures.</p>
+
         <p align="justify"> The lab is equipped with laminar flow cabinet. It is a carefully enclosed bench designed to prevent contamination of biological samples. Air is drawn through a HEPA filter and blown in a very smooth, laminar flow towards the user. The hood is provided of UV-C germicidal lamp for the sterilization. </p>
         <p></p></td>
         <p></p></td>
       <td align="right" valign="top" width="20%"><table border="0">
       <td align="right" valign="top" width="20%"><table border="0">
           <tbody>
           <tbody>
             <tr>
             <tr>
-
               <td><div class="floatright"><span><img alt="Nanodrop" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2010/thumb/2/21/UNIPV_Pavia_nanodrop.gif/150px-UNIPV_Pavia_nanodrop.gif" border="0" height="147" width="150"></span></div></td>
+
               <td><div class="floatright"><span><img alt="Hood" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2010/d/d4/UNIPV_Pavia_hood.jpg" border="0" height="238" width="250"></span></div></td>
 +
            </tr>
 +
            <td><div style='text-align:center; font-size: 12px; font-style:italic;'><span>Laminar flow cabinet</span>    </div></td>
             </tr>
             </tr>
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<p><br>
<p><br>
</p>
</p>
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<a name="TECAN_Infinite_2000"></a>
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-
<h2> <span class="mw-headline">TECAN Infinite 2000</span></h2>
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 +
<a name="Autoclave"></a>
 +
<h2> <span class="mw-headline">Autoclave</span></h2>
<table width="100%">
<table width="100%">
   <tbody>
   <tbody>
     <tr>
     <tr>
       <td align="left" valign="top"><p></p>
       <td align="left" valign="top"><p></p>
-
         <p align="justify"> Tecan Infinite F200 is a multifunctional microplate filter-based reader with injector option, that provides high performance for the vast majority of microplate applications and research. It has been designed as a general purpose laboratory instrument for professional use, supporting common 6 to 384-well microplates.  
+
         <p align="justify"> An autoclave is a self-locking apparatus used to sterilize equipment and supplies by subjecting them to high pressure saturated steam.
-
          This instrument allows long incubation of the microplate, the chance to set the shaking movements, the duration of all operations, including cycles, and the dispensation of liquid material in the wells. These actions are managed by a user interface operated by i-Control software, ranging from scheduling experiments to the cleaning of injectors.  
+
It allows steam to flow around each article placed in the chamber. The vapor penetrates cloth or paper used to package the articles being sterilized. Autoclaving brings to the destruction of all types of microorganisms, including spores. Therefore, autoclave is widely used in microbiology, medicine, veterinary science, mycology or chiropody; its size varies on the media it is sterilizing.
-
          We used this instrument for the following measurement techniques: </p>
+
The amount of time and degree of temperature necessary for sterilization depend on the articles to be sterilized and whether they are wrapped or left directly exposed to the steam. Typically the process is run at 121°C or more for 15 to 20 minutes and it is essential to ensure that all the trapped air is removed, because hot air is less efficient than steam to achieve sterility.
-
         <p></p>
+
</p>
-
        <ul>
+
         <p></p></td>
-
          <li> fluorescence intensity; </li>
+
-
          <li> absorbance. </li>
+
-
        </ul></td>
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       <td align="right" valign="top" width="20%"><table border="0">
       <td align="right" valign="top" width="20%"><table border="0">
           <tbody>
           <tbody>
             <tr>
             <tr>
-
               <td><div class="floatright"><span><img alt="TECAN Infinite 2000" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2010/thumb/5/5f/UNIPV_Pavia_tecan.jpg/250px-UNIPV_Pavia_tecan.jpg" border="0" height="198" width="250"></span></div></td>
+
               <td><div class="floatright"><span><img alt="Autoclave" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2010/7/7d/UNIPV_Pavia_autoclave.jpg" border="0" height="188" width="250"></span></div></td>
 +
            </tr>
 +
            <td><div style='text-align:center; font-size: 12px; font-style:italic;'><span>The autoclave</span>    </div></td>
             </tr>
             </tr>
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           </tbody>
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<a name="BACTERIA_ROOM_AND_MOLECULAR_BIOLOGY_ROOM"></a>
 
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<h2> <span class="mw-headline">BACTERIA ROOM AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY ROOM</span></h2>
 
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      <td align="left" valign="top"><p></p>
 
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        <p align="justify"> The Molecular Biology room is the place in which we treat DNA.<br>
 
-
          The Bacteria room is the place in which we work with bacteria. In this room the temperature is 37°C for growth of bacterial culture. </p>
 
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                      Bacteria room</div>
 
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                      Molecular biology room</div>
 
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<div align="right"><small><a href="#indice" title="">^top</a></small></div>
 

Latest revision as of 20:23, 21 September 2011

UNIPV TEAM 2011

Instruments

Contents

[hide]

TECAN Infinite 2000

Tecan Infinite F200 is a multifunctional microplate filter-based reader with injector option, that provides high performance for the vast majority of microplate applications and research. It has been designed as a general purpose laboratory instrument for professional use, supporting common 6 to 384-well microplates. This instrument allows long incubation of the microplate, the chance to set the shaking movements, the duration of all operations, including cycles, and the dispensation of liquid material in the wells. These actions are managed by a user interface operated by i-Control software, ranging from scheduling experiments to the cleaning of injectors. We used this instrument for the following measurement techniques:

  • fluorescence intensity;
  • absorbance.
  • TECAN Infinite 2000
    TECAN infinite 2000


    NanoDrop ND 1000 spectrophotometer

    The Thermo Scientific NanoDrop™ 1000 Spectrophotometer (v 3.7) is a full-spectrum (220 - 750nm) spectrophotometer. This instrument is a really helpfull instrument that elimante the needs of cuvettes and is capable to measure highly concentrated samples without dilution. We use NanoDrop to measure:

  • concentration of DNA in a micro-volume of sample (1 microliter);
  • and OD in cell cultures (2 microliter).
  • Nanodrop
    NanoDrop ND 1000


    PCR thermocyclers

    The laboratory is equipped with:

  • Gene Amp PCR System 9700 (Applied Biosystem) thermal cycler: used to amplify segments of DNA via the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) process;
  • MiniOpticon Real-Time PCR Instrument (BIO-RAD): this machine combines the functions of a thermal cycler and a fluorimeter. It is able to amplify and detect DNA.
  • Real time
    MiniOpticon Real-Time PCR
    thermocycler
    Gene Amp PCR System 9700


    Instruments for electrophoresis

    Gel electrophoresis apparatus - Agarose gel is placed in this TBE buffer filled box and electrical field is applied via the power supply to the rear. The negative terminal is the black one while the positive is the red one. In this way DNA, that is naturally negatively charged, migrates to the positive pole.

    Instruments for electrophoresis
    Large, medium and small electrophoresis apparatuses


    Gel image acquisition system

    Transilluminator projects ultraviolet radiation for the observation of agarose gel ethidium bromide-stained. Also gel acquisition image position is equipped with a digital camera used to acquire gel run snapshots.

    Gel image acquisition system
    UV system and camera


    Incubator for plates

    In order to grow bacteria a culture media is needed, together with plates (petri-dishes), some laboratory supplies and incubators. The incubator is an oven able to keep bacteria at the desired temperature; the typical temperature needed to allow a rapid growth of bacteria is 37 °C.

    Incubator for plates
    Incubator for plates


    Incubator and shaker for liquid cultures

    Shaking incubators, also known as environmental shakers, are often used for cell culturing, cell aeration and solubility studies. In addition to stable temperature conditions, they use an orbital agitation at variable speeds to affect the growth of cell cultures, displaced in a liquid media. All major functions (temperature, RPM and time) have alarms that alert the user to deviations from set parameters. Overtemperature protection is provided via a safety thermostat. Digital keypad operation offers the ability to calibrate the temperature controller to a reference thermometer.

    Incubator and shaker for liquid cultures
    Incubator and shaker for liquid cultures


    Laminar flow cabinet

    The lab is equipped with laminar flow cabinet. It is a carefully enclosed bench designed to prevent contamination of biological samples. Air is drawn through a HEPA filter and blown in a very smooth, laminar flow towards the user. The hood is provided of UV-C germicidal lamp for the sterilization.

    Hood
    Laminar flow cabinet


    Autoclave

    An autoclave is a self-locking apparatus used to sterilize equipment and supplies by subjecting them to high pressure saturated steam. It allows steam to flow around each article placed in the chamber. The vapor penetrates cloth or paper used to package the articles being sterilized. Autoclaving brings to the destruction of all types of microorganisms, including spores. Therefore, autoclave is widely used in microbiology, medicine, veterinary science, mycology or chiropody; its size varies on the media it is sterilizing. The amount of time and degree of temperature necessary for sterilization depend on the articles to be sterilized and whether they are wrapped or left directly exposed to the steam. Typically the process is run at 121°C or more for 15 to 20 minutes and it is essential to ensure that all the trapped air is removed, because hot air is less efficient than steam to achieve sterility.

    Autoclave
    The autoclave


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