Team:Grenoble/Projet/Design/toggle

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<h1>"In Coliflette we trust"</h1>
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<h2> Where is Grenoble? </h2>
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Grenoble, the flattest city in France, is surrounded by mountains: Chartreuse, Belledonne and Vercors. Moreover, it is dominated by the Bastille, a military fort from the 19th century, accessible by cable-car since 1934. Drac and Isère flow through the city and it’s often called “capital of Alps”.
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<h2>History has it that...</h2>
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City of Grenoble exists for 2000 years. The first reference dates from 43 BC, as Cularo, a little Gallic village. In 379 AD, the town is renamed Gratianopolis (Romans), and Relics of the great wall dated from 3th century are always visible. Grenoble become the capital of the Dauphiné (because the emblem representing dolphins,”dauphin” in French). 
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<h2>Student city</h2>
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Si vous éditez la page commencez par décommenter ces lignes, publier, PUIS commencer à faire ce que vous avez à faire et quand vous avez fini de publier remettez en commentaire.
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This year, Grenoble is the second student city in France, 15% of 65.000 students are foreigners and has been classed in top 200 of Shanghai ranking (159th). There are University Joseph Fourier (sciences), and several great schools (“grandes écoles”), as Grenoble-INP (engineering school). Moreover, Universities Pierre Mendès-France (law) and Stendhal (foreign language, literature...) are in the campus since 1970.
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<h2>Scientific pole</h2>
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Ne laissez pas le carré trop longtemps si vous n'éditez pas, chaque fois reprenez ce qui est sur internet plutôt que ce que vous avez sur votre PC
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Grenoble is a great European scientific centre (“French Silicon Valley”), in research (2nd in France, after Paris) and high technologies, with national research organisations (CEA, CNRS or INRIA), and international research organisations (EMBL, ILL). Moreover, presence of ESRF (financed by 12 European countries since 1994), one of the three most important synchrotrons in a world, confirm this idea. High technologies are based on - Digital and software pole (micro and nanotechnologies (scientific complex Minatec (2006), first European complex and third in a world), computer science and electronic)
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ps: dans Geany selectionner une ou plusieurs lignes et appuyer sur "Ctrl + E" pour commenter ou décommenter
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- Biotechnologies pole (biotechnologies and bioinformatics)
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- New energy technologies (development and experimentation of photovoltaics, fuel cell and smart grid).
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<h2>City of sport</h2>
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As Grenoble is surrounded by mountains, different sports are developed importantly, like skiing, backpacking or climbing. This advantage permit organisation of 1968 Olympics Winter Games and a lot of facilities are still used actually. Actually, several sports teams exist, especially the GF38 (soccer), the FCG (rugby), and the “Brûleurs de Loups” (ice hockey).For regular sports manifestations, rugby or soccer match, they are played in the Stade des Alpes (open in 2008). In addition, every year since 1971, the 6 days of Grenoble (six jours cyclistes de Grenoble), a track cycling race where great names of cyclism prove theirself, is organised. The Criterium du Dauphiné, organised since 1947, sometimes the Tour de France, passes through Grenoble (this year, Grenoble has been a ville-étape (“stage town”).
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<h2>Gastronomy</h2>
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We are French people so gastronomy is fundament of our life. Region is known for its different recipes. The most famous are the Tartiflette and the Gratin Dauphinois:
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<h3>The Tartiflette</h3>
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Servings: 6
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Preparation time: 50 minutes
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<ol><h4>Ingredients</h4>
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<ol>2 1/2 lbs of potatoes</ol>
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<ol>1 medium onion (larger or smaller according to your taste)</ol>
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<ol>1/2 lb canadian bacon</ol>
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<ol>1 Reblochon cheese (or 1 lb of Swiss Gruyere)</ol>
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<ol>3/4 cup white wine (keep remainder of bottle in refrigerator to enjoy with the Tartiflette)</ol>
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<ol>2 Tablespoons oil</ol>
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<ol>Salt and Pepper.</ol>
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<p>Directions:</p>
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<ol>Peel potatoes and boil or steam for 20 minutes.</ol>
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<ol>Peel onion and cut into thin slices.</ol>
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<ol>Heat large frying pan with the oil and sauté the onion slices.</ol>
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<ol>Cut bacon into small cubes and add to pan.</ol>
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<ol>Cook on medium heat until onion slices are soft (10 minutes). </ol>
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<ol>Stir as needed. Add potatoes that have been diced and pour white wine over it. </ol>
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<ol>Salt and pepper to taste. Cook over medium heat for 10 minutes, stirring occasionally.</ol>
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<ol>Cut the Reblochon in two halves across its thickness.</ol>
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<ol>Put half of the potatoe preparation in a round oven proof dish.</ol>
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<ol>Place half of the Reblochon side down, on top.</ol>
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<ol>Cover with remaining potatoes and finish with the second half of the Reblochon.</ol>
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<ol>Place in 350* F oven for 20 minutes. </ol>
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<ol>This dish is not recommended if you are on a diet but it is so good!</ol>
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<h1>The Toggle Switch</h1>
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<a href="http://2011..org/wiki/images/a/a3/Toggle_Switch.png"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2011/a/a3/Toggle_Switch.png"  width="300px"></a>
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The Toggle Switch allows our bacterial strain to switch between one of the two different behaviors (Receiver or Sender) depending on the predominant concentration in the external medium: IPTG or Hg.
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We take into account two proteins repressing (LacI/MerR) each other's expression (pLac/pMerT). We create the fundaments of a toggle system that can switch when using two inducers in the medium: IPTG and Hg.
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Initially, both genes, MerR and LacI, are expressed repressing each other promoters: pLac and pMerT.
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<img height="350" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2011/b/bb/Concentration_predominence.png"/>
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On the plate where Hg concentration is the uppermost, this inducer will remove the repression exerted on pMerT promoter. So, the LacI proteins will be expressed and by repressing the promoter pLac, LacI proteins are shutting down the other pathway of the toggle.
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<a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2011/4/43/Toggle_Switch_predominance1.png"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2011/4/43/Toggle_Switch_predominance1.png"  width="350px"></a>
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<a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2011/d/d9/Toggle_Switch_predominance2_bis.png"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2011/d/d9/Toggle_Switch_predominance2_bis.png"  width="350px"></a>
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Inversely, where IPTG concentration is the uppermost, the other pathway will be activated.
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This toggle switch is one of <a href="https://2011.igem.org/Team:Grenoble/Projet/Modelling/Deterministic#Our_EquationsTS">our module of modelling</a>. The simulation obtained with this model are compared to the
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experiment <a href="https://2011.igem.org/Team:Grenoble/Projet/Results/Toggle">here</a>.
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    <option value="#Content">General network</option>
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    <optgroup label="Toggle Switch" >
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                                    <option value="/Design/toggle" selected="selected">The Toggle Switch</option>
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                                    <option value="/Design/quorum">The Quorum Sensing</option>
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                                    <option value="/Design/quorum#coloration">The Coloration</option>
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    <option value="/regulation">A Post-Transcriptional Regulation System</option>
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    <option value="/regulation#rsma">The RsmA Translational Regulation System</option>
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    <option value="/regulation#rpos">The rpoS regulation system</option>
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Latest revision as of 00:37, 29 October 2011

Grenoble 2011, Mercuro-Coli iGEM


The Toggle Switch

The Toggle Switch allows our bacterial strain to switch between one of the two different behaviors (Receiver or Sender) depending on the predominant concentration in the external medium: IPTG or Hg.

We take into account two proteins repressing (LacI/MerR) each other's expression (pLac/pMerT). We create the fundaments of a toggle system that can switch when using two inducers in the medium: IPTG and Hg.

Initially, both genes, MerR and LacI, are expressed repressing each other promoters: pLac and pMerT.

On the plate where Hg concentration is the uppermost, this inducer will remove the repression exerted on pMerT promoter. So, the LacI proteins will be expressed and by repressing the promoter pLac, LacI proteins are shutting down the other pathway of the toggle.

Inversely, where IPTG concentration is the uppermost, the other pathway will be activated.

This toggle switch is one of our module of modelling. The simulation obtained with this model are compared to the experiment here.

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