Three Laws of Synthesis Biology
1).'''''Background''''':
The Three Laws of Robotics, often shortened to The Three Laws or Three Laws, were written by science fictionauthor Isaac Asimov and later expanded upon. The rules are introduced in his 1942 short story "Runaround", although they were foreshadowed in a few earlier stories.
1.A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm.
2.A robot must obey any orders given to it by human beings, except where such orders would conflict with the First Law.
3.A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law.
(from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_Laws_of_Robotics)
The Three Laws are still followed by robotor scientists worldwide today,and definatly pointted out the problems may arouse bewtten advanced robots and human.
Similarly,Sythesis Biology is facing the same problem. If we were God,what rules should we follow so that we won't ruin the original perfect God-given world?
A.what's the problems that "Three Laws of Synthesis Biology" need to deal with?
First,there are reports like this "A 2004 study performed near an Oregon field trial for a genetically modified variety of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) revealed that the transgene and its associate trait (resistance to the glyphosate herbicide) could be transmitted by wind pollination to resident plants of differentAgrostis species, up to 14 km from the test field.So,'undesirable and uncontrolled gene flow into wild populations'is what we have to deal with to protect the wild type.
Second,mutation is inavoidable,but when mutation accumulated into some grade,it may lead to a "Sythetic Killer Gene",that's why we need a system to inspect and destroy the mutation ones.
Last,like the Killer Bees in South America,engineering bacteria may also cause calamitise in the nature world.So,as resposible researchers,restrictions are needed for engineering bacteria.
Basied on the stiuation as above,we now give our type of 3 laws:
B.'Three Laws of Synthesis Biology'
1.Once reconstructed plasmd is spread into any other non-aimed bacteria ,the suicide system for the plasmd is stared.
2.Once the mutation is accumulated into some degrees,the suicide system for the bacteria is stared.
3.Once the bacterium is away from the set enviroment,the suicide system is started.
C.further explanation
1.The First Law is aimed at dealing with unexpected Gene Flow beteew engineering bacteria and the wild types.
2.The Second Law is aimed at unexpected mutations.Mutations,as we know,is avoidable and uncontrollable,thus we can now only reduce the uncertaincy which mutations bring.
3.The Thrid Law is aimed at the possibility of Biogical invasion caused by escaped bacteria.Because the bacteria with changed plasmid may have much much more advantages over the wild types.
4.It's easy to tell that 3 Laws need us to add more segment into the plasmid and will surely reduce the commercial value of the engineering bacterica or Gene Segments,however,we believe,only with
D.Detail Constructions.
In order to achieve the Three Laws,several systems and methods need to be used.Further more,only if these principles be admitted by labs and are set to be the basic rules of Synthetic works worldwide can we achieve our goal of "balance co-existence between God-given types and artificial types."That is,we need to construct a set a new standards for Sythetic biology,some parts more are needed for a standard biobrick or an experiment so that the Three Laws are not broken during all the process of construction.
After some researches and discussions,we build systems that may fulfil as follows:
1.Double Plasmids Strategy(DPS):
for all the systhetic works,scientists should use at least two plasmids for each artificial gene segement.(see figure 1)
[[File:3laws_photo1.png]]
4)'''mutation:no good ideas so far.'''
Question:
Is there any avilable systems or parts that can construct several pairs of standard plasmids as used in iGEM?
1. The Plamids pair should be stable and be able to used as biobrick. And users would only need to change the working parts according to their own work.
2.The sections should have little influence to most artifical parts.
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