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Team:Northwestern/Safety
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Safety Proposal
- Would the materials used in your project and/or your final product pose:
- Risks to the safety and health of team members or others in the lab?
- No. Our project deals with the detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which is a fairly common organism that can colonize in immuncompromised patients. Despite the bacterium’s low pathogenicity in healthy adults, our team tried our best to minimize any possible health issues that could arise. In order to extract necessary genes from the organism, we worked with the genomic DNA (obtained through ATCC), instead of the actual organism itself, which would have raised much greater safety concerns. We are not extracting virulent genes from P. aeruginosa and are only using its quorum sensing system. As a result, our team only worked with the non-infectious E. coli host organism in a Biosafety Level 1 environment.
- Risks to the safety and health of the general public if released by design or accident?
- No. Since the goal of our project is to detect P. aeruginosa in patients, we hope that our design can eventually be utilized in a hospital environment. However, our design would not require our engineered organism to be exposed to an actual patient. Rather, a sample would be obtained from a patient and our sensor would be used in a separate, contained environment. Even if our bacterium was released, it contains no virulence genes that could harm the public. Because of this, our engineered organism exhibits low public safety risk.
- Risks to environmental quality if released by design or accident?
- No. Our product will not be exposed to the environment because it is designed to be used in a controlled environment. In the event of a spill, our engineered organism does not produce toxins and should exhibit low environmental safety risk.
- Risks to security through malicious misuse by individuals, groups, or states?
- No. Our project would be unappealing toward malicious misuse because the only non-native components within our genetically engineered system are genes encoding for harmless receptors and reporters.
- Risks to the safety and health of team members or others in the lab?
- If your response to any of the questions above is yes:
- Explain how you addressed these issues in project design and while conducting laboratory work.
- Describe and document safety, security, health and/or environmental issues as you submit your parts to the Registry.
- Our responses to the questions above were all no’s. If additional safety issues arise, we will be mindful to note them and document them with our parts submissions to the registry.
- Explain how you addressed these issues in project design and while conducting laboratory work.
- Under what biosafety provisions will / do you operate?
- Does your institution have its own biosafety rules and if so what are they? Provide a link to them online if possible.
- The Northwestern University Office for Research Safety (ORS) publishes its own lab safety manual, which can be found [http://www.research.northwestern.edu/ors/forms/cbsl.pdf here].
- Does your institution have an Institutional Biosafety Committee or equivalent group? If yes, have you discussed your project with them? Describe any concerns or changes that were made based on this review.
- The [http://www.research.northwestern.edu/ors/ Northwestern University Office for Research Safety (ORS)] and the [http://www.research.northwestern.edu/oprs/irb/ Northwestern University Institutional Biosafety Committee (IBC)] both work to ensure ethical research practices. We did not discuss our project with them, since we worked under advisers whose labs have received IBC approval. Had we sought review outside of our adviser's approval, we would have addressed researcher, public, and environmental concerns listed above in greater detail. Our project is still subject to standard laboratory regulations for general safety and recombinant DNA work.
- Will / did you receive any biosafety and/or lab training before beginning your project? If so, describe this training.
- The 2011 NUiGEM team went through training throughout the spring quarter, prior to the beginning of the summer. We received biosafety and lab training from last year’s team members. We also covered proper cloning techniques and procedures in our training. All of our team members have previously taken biology and chemistry courses with lab components, so we have already received lab training from those courses as well.
- Does your country have national biosafety regulations or guidelines? If so, provide a link to them online if possible.
- The Center for Disease Control (CDC) publishes biosafety guidelines, which can be accessed [http://www.cdc.gov/biosafety/publications/bmbl5/BMBL.pdf here].
- Does your institution have its own biosafety rules and if so what are they? Provide a link to them online if possible.
- OPTIONAL QUESTION: Do you have other ideas on how to deal with safety or security issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?
- iGEM acknowledges that the current datasheets on registered biobricks contain very little information on safety. Currently, information is given only given regarding genetic and performance reliability of parts. One suggestion would be to increase the amount of information provided. For example, in order for a team to submit or update information about a certain part, they should be required to fill out a section specifically addressing safety recommendations for future groups who are considering using that part for their project.
- iGEM encourages the construction of standard and interchangeable parts for the construction of integrated biological systems. While it would be highly efficient to engineer all the possible genetic sequences involved in a specific system, it would pose a safety risk if the system is virulent. Should the strain be exposed to an outside prokaryote, all the genetic material required to become virulent will become available to the organism. A suggestion to prevent such an occurrence is to use multiple plasmids consisting of different parts which are all functionally dependent upon each other. By implementing a standardized control hierarchy, strains are rendered useless in the absence of their counterparts. Additionally, kill switches on each individual strain can prevent the proliferation of contaminated strains. Moreover, if kill switches deactivate a part of the hierarchical system, the functionality of the whole system would come crashing down, preventing further growth of uncontrolled and contaminated organisms.
- iGEM acknowledges that the current datasheets on registered biobricks contain very little information on safety. Currently, information is given only given regarding genetic and performance reliability of parts. One suggestion would be to increase the amount of information provided. For example, in order for a team to submit or update information about a certain part, they should be required to fill out a section specifically addressing safety recommendations for future groups who are considering using that part for their project.
