Team:NYC Wetware/Deinococcus/Cell Damage

From 2011.igem.org

(Difference between revisions)
(Created page with "{{:Team:NYC_Wetware/Templates/nav}} {{:Team:NYC_Wetware/Templates/css}} <html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>NYC-iGEM wetware</title> <meta name "descrip...")
Line 19: Line 19:
-
<h3>Camp Simcha's NYC Wetware Science Lab Workshop</h3>
+
<h3>Normal Cell Function</h3>
<br/>
<br/>
-
Camp Simcha is a camp for children with physical challenges. In summer 2010 Yossi Steinberger joined the Camp Simcha staff as the instructor for an Origami Workshop. Based on the campers’ response to an ingenious analogy between origami and protein folding, Yossi realized that many campers would love to do some science at camp. Most of the workshops at camp are geared toward arts-and-crafts, but the campers comprise a rather brainy group, and were excited at the prospect of thinking and learning about the world. Yossi pitched the idea for a new science workshop to the camp directors - the Camp Simcha Science Laboratory. They responded enthusiastically. Over the course of the year, Yossi recruited friends to help think of exciting projects and even to run the new science workshop. Many people joined a collaborative Google doc, that quickly reached dizzying lenghs. The NYC iGEM Wetware team pooled its efforts to plan the final curriculum for the summer; Yossi and David joined the campers at Simcha to run the Laboratory, and they even recruited Yossi’s cousin Shlomo, an outsider who was inspired at the prospect of showing kids in need a great time through science.<br/>
+
The prokaryotic cell carries on as if it were a normal day. The DNA, the string of code with information to direct the cell’s daily activities, floats freely in the cytoplasm. It allows itself to be transcribed by the RNA into proteins, which reside casually in the cytoplasm, the intracellular environment of the cell.<br/>
<br/>
<br/>
-
The Camp Simcha Lab aimed to provide young scientist campers with interesting projects and activities, and especially with sound scientific explanations. But a major goal of the Lab was to engage the scientific imaginations of all the campers through a series of fun and enlightening experiments. Some of our experiments appealed only to the particularly science-inclined campers, but we made sure there was something for everybody - who doesn’t enjoy Coke-and-Mentos explosions or an egg drop competition (we did both).<br/>
+
[Image of DNA:
 +
DNAPic.png]
 +
(Image modified from: http://www.worthington-biochem.com/DNA/images/reaction.jpg)<br/>
<br/>
<br/>
-
As first attempts go, we consider our Simcha Lab a success. See our blog <a href="http://campsimchalab.blogspot.com">Camp Simcha Laboratory</a> to learn about many of our exciting activities. Whether the campers were figuring out that they could use a plasma globe together with current-conducting play-dough and LEDs to create a mesmerizing circuit of flashing lights, or going bird-watching, bird whistles in hand, all the great moments amounted to an exciting first run for the Science Laboratory. We also passed the biggest test of success: The camp invited us back for the second session! Unfortunately the NYC iGEMers needed to return to the Cornell lab, but Shlomo stayed on, and is being assisted by two great staff volunteers. Going in we knew there would be an avalanche of interest in science. Thankfully, we had a great group running the workshop and dozen of projects, product of much scheming back home.<br/>
+
<img src="http://images.wikia.com/genealogy/images/d/d8/Benzopyrene_DNA_adduct_1JDG.png" alt="oy" width="250" height="150"/>
 +
[3D Image of DNA: http://images.wikia.com/genealogy/images/d/d8/Benzopyrene_DNA_adduct_1JDG.png]<br/>
<br/>
<br/>
-
So much scientific research is being done to discover new therapies for children and adults suffering from disease. We were glad to be able to use laboratory science itself as a therapy for these children and young adults. We were so pleased that the campers really seized the opportunity to think scientifically and have a great deal of much-needed fun.<br/>
+
[Image of Protein with Iron]<br/>
-
<br/>  
+
<br/>
-
In future sessions of the Science Lab, we plan to increase the number of projects on hand, because, unfortunately, for the trial-run our supply far outstripped the demand. All the projects deserved more thorough explanations for all demonstrations and activities. Kids choosing projects before camp begins would enable us to individualize each campers experience. Together, improvements like these assure our workshop accelerates in excitement from the great trial-run. Because of the campers’ burgeoning interest, the Science Lab will ultimately become a smash-hit for the ages.
+
[Image of The Cell:
 +
Wiki Aug 23 The Cell]<br/>
 +
<br/>
 +
<h3>Damage to the DNA and Proteins</h3>
 +
The cell is hit repeatedly with radiation, causing extensive damage to the DNA and proteins. The damage to the DNA includes:<br/>
 +
<br/>
 +
1. Base Damage [Base Damage.png]
 +
DNA is composed of a backbone attached to nucleobases. Damage may occur to the bases.<br/>
 +
<br/>
 +
2. Single Strand Breaks [SSb.png]
 +
The backbone of DNA is made up of a repeating pattern of sugar and phosphate. A single strand break occurs when this backbone is broken.<br/>
 +
<br/>
 +
3. Double Strand Breaks [DSb.png]
 +
DNA is commonly found as a double strand. If the opposing strands both develop single strand breaks, this double strand break may cause the separation of the two fragments of DNA.<br/>
 +
<br/>
 +
Damage to the protein may include:<br/>
 +
<br/>
 +
[http://www.proteopedia.org/wiki/images/d/d2/3cu2.png]<br/>
 +
<br/>
 +
Ionizing radiation is radiation with sufficient energy to remove an electron from an atom.<br/>
 +
<br/>
 +
[ElectromagSpec.jpg]
 +
(Image modified from: http://local.content.compendiumblog.com/uploads/user/2af9dc1d-8541-42e4-a91f-6aaf97caf33a/4844a17e-a4fb-4018-9d3a-31dc846044ee/Visible%20spectrum.jpg)<br/>
 +
<br/>
 +
Ionizing radiation has the power to cause Double Strand Breaks, as well as initiate the Fenton Reaction, which can cause damage to proteins as well as DNA.<br/>
 +
<br/>
 +
Fenton Chemistry results in the production of a hydroxyl radical through the oxidation of ferrous iron to ferric iron by means of hydrogen peroxide.<br/>
 +
<br/>
 +
Fe2+ + H2O2 → Fe3+ + OH· + OH−<br/>
 +
<br/>
 +
The ferrous iron is recycled by hydrogen peroxide. <br/>
 +
<br/>
 +
Fe3+ + H2O2 → Fe2+ + OOH· + H+<br/>
 +
<br/>
 +
The hydroxyl radical is very active, and can cause damage to DNA and proteins.<br/>
<br/>
<br/>
-
<img src="images/9/93/Css1.jpg" alt="oy" width="250" height="150"/>
 
-
<img src="images/d/d9/Css2.jpg" alt="oy" width="250" height="150"/>
 

Revision as of 17:46, 8 September 2011