Team:SJTU-BioX-Shanghai/Project/Subproject1-3

Number of Rare Codons

In this part we want to explore the influence of the number of rare codons inserted in the mRNA. We have inserted 2, 4, 6, 8 AGG codons respectively after the start codon in luciferase gene. T7 promoter or bla promoter^[1] are used to control target protein mRNA amount. We use different combinations of number of AGG codons and strength of promoters to characterize regulation^[1].

1) bla promoter-luciferase (weaker promoter)

A tandem of 2, 4, 6 or 8 AGG codons is inserted after the ATG codon of wild type luciferase

2) T7 promoter-luciferase (stronger promoter)

A tandem of 2, 4, 6 or 8 AGG codons is inserted after the ATG codon of wild type luciferase

Influence of inserted AGG codon number

The influence of different number of rare codons in regulating protein biosynthesis is shown below:

Results show that the more rare codons are inserted, the lower the background expression and the narrower the range our device can regulate.

Fig.1 Enzyme activity of luciferase reaching plateau phase.

This picture reflects more clearly that the more rare codons are inserted, the lower the background expression and the narrower the range of device regulation. We are able to predict the outcome of influence of different number of rare codons in protein biosynthesis, offering valuable information for device usage.

Fig.2 The comparison between background expression and induced expression of luciferase with different rare codon insertions. (A)PT7-luc reporters. (B) Pbla-luc reporters

Influence of different strengths of target protein promoters

We examined the influence of different Reporter promoters on the working curve of our device, which is reflected by luciferase activity. The working range of our device is pre-defined by the strength of target protein promoter, T7 promoter and bla promoter in our project.

Fig.3 (A) Working curve of tRNA Modulator lacI-Ptrc-tRNA^Arg under Reporter Pbla-Luc-8AGG reflected by bioluminescence emitted from the luciferin reaction. (B) Working curve of tRNA Modulator under Reporter PT7-Luc-8AGG. Here we analyze the influences of strong/weak promoter in the working curve of tRNA Modulator. Moreover, strong promoter (T7) of target gene can improve the titration curve of tRNA Modulator, indicating that tRNA Modulator works better under strong target protein promoters.

Note: Our device can be used as a regulating tool

We have tested luciferin reaction in cells. We examined the changes in luciferase enzyme activity over time after rare tRNA expression is induced. The amount of luciferase is reflected indirectly by the bioluminescence emitted from the luciferin reaction. Results are shown below:

Fig.4 (A)Enzyme activity of luciferase shown by bioluminescence emitted from the luciferin reaction reflecting the working curve of tRNA Modulator lacI-Ptrc-tRNA^Arg ([http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K567001 BBa_K567001]) under Reporter Pbla-Luc-4AGG（[http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K567006 BBa_K567006]). (B)Enzyme activity of luciferase shown by bioluminescence emitted from the luciferin reaction reflecting the working curve of tRNA Modulator lacI-Ptrc-tRNA^Arg ([http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K567001 BBa_K567001]) under Reporter PT7-Luc-4AGG ([http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K567009 BBa_K567009]). The working curve of tRNA Modulator lacI-Ptrc-tRNA^Arg fits typical titration curve.

Here we use the above two curves as examples to characterize the working curve of our device. Both curves fits typical titration curve, indicating that our device can function as a regulating tool.

The rest of the working curves are shown here:

Pbla

Fig.5

Fig.6

PT7

Fig.7

Fig.8

Fig.9

Note:Click to see large figures.

Results showed that all the devices’ working curves fit titration curve, indicating that our device can act as a satisfying regulating tool.

From this experiment, we noticed that the typical working curve of our device can be better observed under IPTG induced lacI-Ptrc-tRNA^Arg ([http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K567001 BBa_K567001]) compared with UV excitation induced sulA promoter-tRNA^Arg([http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K567002 BBa_K567002]), though sulA promoter-tRNA^Arg responded quicker to signals. So in the above experiments, we test with lacI-Ptrc-tRNA^Arg.

Location of Rare Codons