| Name
| Other Name
| Number
| Function
| Cnnxn to Radioresistance
| Recommended By
| Citations
|
| MntH | NRAMP transporter | DR_1709 | Mn (II) transporter | Upregulate in order to establish Mn:Fe ratio similar to that of D. rad [other members of oxyR regulon?] | Jim Imlay |
|
| Dps | | | DNA-binding protein from starved cells – protect DNA by binding to form condensed co-crystal and by preventing oxidative damage - induced by oxyR | | Jim Imlay |
|
| PprI | IrrE | DR_0167 | Positive regulator of recA and other gamma irradiation-induced genes | Important effect | Blasius |
|
| PprA | | DR_A0346 | DNA binding and tethering of termini, stimulation of DNA ligases and catalase | Strongly induced upon ionizing radiation - Important effect | Battista |
|
| RecA | | DR_2340 | Double strand break repair | Inverse DNA strand exchange pathway - Important effect | Battista |
|
| RecO | | DR_0819 | DNA annealing during homologous recombination | Strong defect in growth and increased radiosensitivity of strain devoid of RecO - Important effect | Blasius |
|
| SodB | Fe-SOD | | Catalyzes dismutation of superoxide into oxygen and HOOH – fixes iron | | Frederik Domann |
|
| SodA | Mn-SOD | DR_1279? | ‘’ – fixes manganese | Increases resistance to UV and HOOH damage in E. coli – But why? Without catalase/peroxidase? | Frederik Domann |
|
| Fur | | | Transcriptional activator of bacterial sodB | Upregulate… | Frederik Domann |
|
| SOD? | predicted SODs | DR_1546, DR_A0202 | superoxide dismutation | | | Omelchenko et al., 2005
|
| Catalases | predicted catalses | DR_1998, DR_A0259, DR_A 0146 | Hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen | Catalase is important next enzyme after SOD. If not present, H2O2 accumulate and have deleterious effect | | Omelchenko et al., 2005
|
| Thioredoxin | | DR_0994 | reverses oxidized sulfur species | Important for defense against oxidative stress | | Obiero et al., 2010 :Journal of Bacteriology, January 2010, p. 494-501, Vol. 192, No. 2
|
| Thioredoxin reductase | | | maintains reduced Thioredoxin enzyme levels | Important for defense against oxidative stress | |
|
| DdrB | | DR_0070 | Single strand binding protein | Strongly induced upon ionizing radiation - Important effect | Battista |
|
| DdrA | | DR_0423 | End-capping | Strongly induced upon ionizing radiation, homolog of Rad52 - Important effect | Battista |
|
| DdrC | | DR_0003 | Unknown | Strongly induced upon ionizing radiation - Modest effect | Battista |
|
| DdrD | | DR_0326 | Protection of 3\' ends of single strand DNA | Strongly induced upon ionizing radiation - Modest effect | Battista |
|
| RecN | | DR_1477 | DNA Repair Protein | Mutant shows general repair deficiency | Blasius |
|
| RecF | | | | | |
|
| PolA | | DR_1707 | DNA polymerase, probably involved in translesion synthesis | important role in ESDSA DSB repair pathway, modulated by Mn(II) - Important effect | Blasius |
|
| PolX | | DR_0467 | DNA polymerase/ 3\'-5\' exonuclease | Nuclease is structure modulated, uses Mn(I) - Modest effect | Blasius |
|
| SbcD | | DR_1921 | Homolog of Mre11, DNA end processing | Additive effect of SbcCD and PolX deficiencies | Blasius |
|
| SbcC | | DR_1922 | Homolog of Rad50, DNA end processing | Homolog of Mre11, DNA end processing | Blasius Paper |
|
| RuvB | | DR_0576 | Resolution of Hollyday junctions | | Blasius |
|
| RadA | | DR_1105 | RecA-like function | | Blasius |
|
| ClpP | | DR_1972 | Proteolytic subunit of ATP-dependent Clp protease | | Blasius |
|
| ClpX | | DR_1973 | ATP-binding subunit of ATP-dependent Clp protease | | Blasius |
|
| CrtB | | DR_0862 | Phytoene synthase | Carotenoids have antioxidant properties, are located at the cell\'s 1st line of defense- the cell wall/membrane. Also they may be able to \"take the hit\" of ionizing radiation, thus protecting cytosolic components | Blasius | Zhang et al., 2007 (Arch Microbilogy)
|
| CrtI | | DR_0861 | Phytoene desaturase | KO of carotenoid synthesis genes DR0861 and DR0862 resulted in increased sensitivity to oxidants, ionizing radiation and UV | Blasius | Zhang et al., 2007 (Arch Microbilogy)
|
| Crtlm | | DR_0801 | Carotenoid synthesis | | These genes boxed off are in the biosynthesis pathway for deinoxathin, the major carotenoid pigment in D. rad. It also has antioxidant properties | Tian & Hua., 2010
|
| CrtO | | DR_0093 | Carotenoid synthesis | | |
|
| CruF | | DR_0091 | Carotenoid synthesis | | |
|
| CrtD | | DR_2250 | Carotenoid synthesis | | |
|
| OxyR | | DR_0615 | Oxidative stress resistance | little connection to IR resistance. MntH expresison is also downregulated by this regulon (which is contrary to what we would like to see) | | Nevermind. This protein was expressed in E. coli before and was not able to complement an E coli OxyR KO. It presumably does not bind the E coli polymerase
|
| OxyR2 | | DR_A0336 | Oxidative stress resistance | Novel OxyR enzyme- this means D. rad has multiple OxyRs!!! | | Yin et al., 2010 (Jornal of Microbiology)
|
| deiNOS | deinococcus nitric oxide synthase | DR_2597 | Nitirc oxide production | KO causes increase in susceptibility to UV irradiation. Slower recover following insult | | Patel et al., 2009., Adak et al, 2002
|
| ObgE | | ? | GTPase that regulates cel growth/proliferation | decreased ObgE afte NOS KO implicated as an important mediator of growth recovery following UV insult | | Patel et al., 2009.,
|
| Hypothetical protein | | DR_A0282 | nucleotide binding protein??- perhaps DNA repair | mutant had 10X less survival to 14Gy gamma. Enzyme also is manganese dependent!!! | | Das & Misra., 2011
|
| predicted ATP-dependent ABC-type transporter (Mn (II)) | | DR_2284 DR_2523 | Mn (II) transport | possibly maintain intracellular Mn(II) ratio. | | Daly et al., 2004 (Science mag, supporting information)
|
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