Team:Lyon-INSA-ENS/Project/Presentation

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        <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2011/0/0e/Drapeau_francais.jpg"; width=20px; /> <a href="https://2011.igem.org/Team:Lyon-INSA-ENS/Project/PresentationFr">Version Francaise</a>
 
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                                        <!-- Description projet -->
 
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    <h1 style="color: white;"> A project anchored at the heart of current concerns </h1>   
 
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The activity of modern nuclear power plants with pressurized water reactors generates
 
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radioactive effluents that contain among other things radioactive cobalt. The tubing of
 
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the cooling circuit is made of a steel alloy rich in stable cobalt (59Co). Undergoing neutron
 
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bombardment coming from the reactor, this stable cobalt changes into its radioactive isotope,
 
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cobalt 60 (60Co).
 
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The capture of this metal is interesting on a sanitary point of view, because it represents
 
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a danger under both its radioactive and stable forms (carcinogenic). It also represents an
 
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advantage on an environmental point of view, in order to avoid contamination of waters, soil
 
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and groundwater. Even with a short half life, cobalt 60 emits high intensity gamma rays, and
 
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decays to nickel, which is stable but polluting.
 
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Controlled immobilization of radioactive cobalt is both an important sanitary and environmental
 
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issue, which we intend to solve with an innovative and economical response. A researcher
 
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from the Lyon INSA-ENS team, Agnès Rodrigues, has recently constructed a E.coli strain able
 
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to eliminate 85% of radioactive cobalt (60Co), initially present as traces in a simulated nuclear
 
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effluent made up of a mix of heavy metals, in only twice one-hour incubation (Appl Microbio
 
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Biotechnol 2009 81:571- 578).
 
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The process that was developed by Agnès Rodrigues’ team ensures the decontamination
 
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of cobalt up to 0,5 ppm (8 nM in 100 000L) with only 4kg of bacteria as against 50kg with
 
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an unmodified bacterium or 8,000kg of an ion-exchange polymer. This kind of process with
 
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modified bacteria will be a good value because the production of bacteria in a bioreactor is
 
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rather economical. However, one issue remained unsolved at the end of this study, that is the
 
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separation of cobalt-fixing bacteria.
 
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The first objective of our project is, with the most recent genetic engineering techniques, to
 
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induce the fixation of optimized bacteria for the cobalt capture and retention in response to the
 
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presence of contaminants in the effluent to be treated.
 
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A second objective aims to develop a system to construct custom-built “biofilm inducible”
 
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strains. Our goal is to construct captors able to launch the formation of biofilm in response to
 
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the presence of various radioactive or not pollutants, and to offer more efficient and cheaper
 
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bioremediation processes.
 
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To conclude, our objective is to deposit a part able to make any strains inducible to cobalt. In presence of this element, strains will become adherent and will form biofilm thanks to their curli.
 
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Latest revision as of 13:25, 12 September 2011