Team:Edinburgh/Carbon Capture Bacterial Storage

From 2011.igem.org

Carbon capture storage (CCS) - Using synthetic biology to create bacteria that consume carbon dioxide which can excrete useful substances. This project aims to deal with both the environmental and energy challenges we face.

Currently carbon capture and storage is done by utilizing existing processes such as pre-combustion, oxyfuel or post-combustion. The greenhouse gas is then geo-sequestered- stored in depleted oil and gas fields, out at sea or in unmineable coal seams or in saline aquifers, where it is stored for hundreds, possibly thousands of years. This process is carbon negative, unlike conventional renewable energy such as wind, and solar.

But why use synthetic biology? Conventional CCS risks increasing the acidity of the local environment if stored in depleted oil and gas fields at sea. Synthetic biology would allow scope to engineer an efficient pathway.

How can we use synthetic biology? Change or create new metabolic pathways using bio-bricks i.e. creating synthetic artificial photosynthesis pathway.

It is possible to engineer microorganisims to produce ‘bio-hydrogen’ or bio gas, efficiently through synthetic biology.

This idea is not a fantasy. Work has already started at the U.S. Department of Energy's National Energy Technology Laboratory. The aim at the end is to have; a pure biomass based carbon-negative synthetic fuel.